We used a physically motivated internal state variable plasticity/damage model containing a mathematical length scale to idealize\r\nthe material response in finite element simulations of a large-scale boundary value problem. The problem consists of a moving\r\nstriker colliding against a stationary hazmat tank car.Themotivations are (1) to reproduce with high fidelity finite deformation and\r\ntemperature histories, damage, and high rate phenomena that may arise during the impact accident and (2) to address the material\r\npostbifurcation regime pathological mesh size issues. We introduce the mathematical length scale in the model by adopting a\r\nnonlocal evolution equation for the damage, as suggested by Pijaudier-Cabot and Bazant in the context of concrete.We implement\r\nthis evolution equation into existing finite element subroutines of the plasticity/failuremodel.The results of the simulations, carried\r\nout with the aid of Abaqus/Explicit finite element code, show that the material model, accounting for temperature histories and\r\nnonlocal damage effects, satisfactorily predicts the damage progression during the tank car impact accident and significantly reduces\r\nthe pathological mesh size effects.
Loading....